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Role of Engineering Drawing

Engineering drawing is a two dimensional representation of three dimensional objects. In general , it provides necessary information about the shapes, sizes,surface quality,material, manufacturing process, etc, of the object.It is the graphic language from which a trained person can visualize objects. Drawings prepared in one country may be utilized in any other country irrespective of the language spoken. Hence, engineering drawing is called the universal language of engineers. Any language to be communicative, should follow certain rules so that it conveys the same meaning to every one. Similarly, drawing practice must follow certain rules, if it is to serve as a means of communication. For this purpose, Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) adapted the International Standards on code of practice for drawing. The other foreign standards are: DIN of Germany, BS of Britain and ANSI of America. Role of Engineering Drawing Drawings prepared in one country may be utilized in any other
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Wire Drawing

Introduction In drawing, the cross section of a long rod or wire is reduced or changed by pulling (hence the term drawing) it through a die called a draw die (Fig. 7.1). Thus, the difference between drawing and extrusion is that in extrusion the material is pushed through a die, whereas in drawing it is pulled through it. Although the presence of tensile stresses is obvious in drawing, compression also plays a significant role because the metal is squeezed down as it passes through the die opening. For this reason, the deformation that occurs in drawing is sometimes referred to as indirect compression. Drawing is a term also used in sheet metalworking. The term wire and bar drawing is used to distinguish the drawing process discussed here from the sheet metal process of the same name. Rod and wire products cover a very wide range of applications, including shafts for power transmission, machine and structural components, blanks for bolts and rivets, electrical wiring, cables,..
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Difference Between CAD and CAM

CAD Computer - Aided Design (CAD) cam be defined as the creation, modification, analysis and optimization of a new component using a computer. CAD involves three major elements :- 1. Hardware 2. CAD software 3. The user The primary function of CAD involves design, analysis and application to manufacturing. An object drawn with CAD can be analysed interactively on the CAD screen and the physically information can be extracted from it. In an engineering sense, CAD also incorporates finite element analysis, stress analysis, heat transfer analysis, and fluid flow analysis and so on i.e which enables a part to be constructed and tested virtually before and physically object is manufactured. CAM Computer- Aided manufacturing (CAM) can be defined as the application of computers to plan, process, manage and control various operations in a manufacturing organization either with direct or indirect computer interface with the available resources.
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Thermodynamic Equilibrium

A system is said to be exist in  thermodynamic equilibrium when  no change in any macroscopic property is registered, if the system is isolated from its surroundings. An isolated system always reaches in course of time a state of thermodynamic equilibrium and can never depart from its spontaneously. Therefore, there can be no spontaneous change in any macroscopic property if the system exists in an equilibrium state. A thermodynamic system will be in a state of thermodynamic equilibrium, if the system is the state of mechanical equilibrium, chemical equilibrium and thermal equilibrium.  1.  Mechanical Equilibrium : The criteria for mechanical equilibrium is the equality of pressure or there is no unbalanced force in the system. 2. C hemical Equilibrium :   There is no chemical reaction going in the system. 3. Thermal Equilibrium :   The temperature of the whole system must be uniform.
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Failure

FAILURE The failure of engineering materials is almost always an undesirable event for several  reasons; these include human lives that are put in jeopardy, economic losses, and the interference  with the availability of products and services. Even though the causes of failure  and the behavior of materials may be known, prevention of failures is difficult to  guarantee. The usual causes are improper materials selection and processing and inadequate  design of the component or its misuse. It is the responsibility of the engineer  to anticipate and plan for possible failure and, in the event that failure does occur, to  assess its cause and then take appropriate preventive measures against future incidents. There are basically three kinds of material Failure.  Fatigue  Creep Fracture An oil tanker that fractured in a brittle manner by crack propagation around its girth. FRACTURE Fundamentals of fracture Simple fracture is the separation of a bod
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Mechanical Properties of Materials

IMPORTANT MECHANICAL PROPERTIES The following are the most important are mechanical properties of engineering materials 1-      Elasticity 2-      Plasticity 3-      Ductility 4-      Brittleness 5-      Malleability 6-      Toughness 7-      Hardness ELASTICITY When external forces applied in the body, made of engineering materials, the external forces tend to deform the body while the molecular forces acting between the molecules offer resistance against deformation.   If the forces are gradually diminished, the body will return to its original shape. Elasticity is the property by virtue of which a material deformed under the load and return to its original shape when load is removed.   PLASTICITY Plasticity is the converse of elasticity. A material in plastic state is permanently deformed by the application of load, and it has no tendency to recover. Every elastic material possesses the property of plasticity. The characteristic of material by whi
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What is Mechanical Engineering ?

Mechanical engineering is a branch of engineering which deals with problems solving technique of engineering form design to manufacturing to the marketplace for any object using the application of principles. Mechanical engineers analyze the problems using the principles of motion , energy and forces - ensuring that designs functions safely, efficiently and reliably all at competitive cost. They create technology according to human needs. Being ingrained in many challenges and innovations across many fields means a mechanical engineering education versatile. Almost every product or service in modern life has probably been touched in some way by a mechanical engineer. This includes solving today's problems and creating future solution's in health care,energy,automobile,space exploration and many more the list is endless. What can Mechanical engineers do? Mechanical engineer can combine knowledge,innovation,creativity and analytical tools to complete the difficult ta
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